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ANKLE SPRAINS
An ankle sprain refers to injury of the ligaments of the ankle. There are many ligaments that provide stability within the foot and ankle joints by attaching bone to bone. Ankle ligament injuries are extremely common, and can occur from participating in high level sports, to tripping on an uneven surface while walking out to get the mail.
By rolling the ankle in one direction, it stretches the ligaments on the other side, causing them to stretch and sometimes tear.
The most common form of ankle sprain is an inversion injury (rolling the foot in), therefore causing injury to the ligaments on the outside of the ankle. Damage occurs when the ligaments are stretched beyond their normal length and can’t withstand the forces placed on them. The extent of injury can vary and is generally classified into 3 grades:
Grade 1: Stretching of the ligament
Grade 2: Partial Rupture of the ligament
Grade 3: Complete rupture of the ligament
Symptoms may be immediate or delayed and can include:
- Difficulty/Inability to weight-bear
- Pain
- Swelling/bruising
- Decreased movement
Generally, the greater the grade of injury, the greater the swelling and bruising.
Early intervention can decrease recovery time. Assessment with a physiotherapist can use clinical testing to determine the grade of injury, and assist in pain management and rehabilitation. This may include:
- Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation
- Taping
- Crutches in necessary
- Referral for X-Ray if necessary
- Electrotherapy modalities
- A rehabilitation program to restore strength, balance and ability in an aim to return to sport and regular daily activities
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